Zhēnyán箴言

Chapter 17

1 "to set up/to arrange/to establish/to found/to display"Shè设 "bamboo mat for sitting"yán筵 "Manchurian/to fill/to fulfill/filled/packed"mǎn满 "house/room"wū屋，"authority/everyone"dàjiā大家 "each other/one another/mutually"xiāng相 "struggle/fight"zhēng争，"not equal to/not as good as/inferior to/it would be better to"bùrú不如 "to have/there is/there are/to exist/to be"yǒu有 "yuan (unit of currency)/fast (of a watch)/swift/rapid/happy/joyful/soon/quick/(a measure word, for cloth, cake, soap)"kuài块 "dry/clean"gān干 "round flat cake/cookie/cake/pastry"bǐng饼，"authority/everyone"dàjiā大家 "each other/one another/mutually"xiāng相 "content/calm/still/quiet/to pacify/peace"ān安。
2 "servant"Púrén仆人 "to handle (affairs)/to work"bànshì办事 "intelligent/bright/smart/clever"cōngmíng聪明，"certainly/must/will/necessarily"bì必 "administer/have jurisdiction (over)"guǎnxiá管辖 "bequeath"yí贻 "shy/ashamed/shame/bashful"xiū羞 "(literary equivalent of 的)/(subor. part.)/him/her/it"zhī之 "11 p.m.-1 a.m./1st earthly branch/child/midnight/son/child/seed/egg/small thing"zǐ子，"(once) again/also/both... and.../again"yòu又 "(located) at/in/exist/(before verbs) immediately involved in/right in the middle of doing"zài在 "multitude"zhòng众 "11 p.m.-1 a.m./1st earthly branch/child/midnight/son/child/seed/egg/small thing"zǐ子 "within/among/in/middle/center/while (doing sth)/during/China/Chinese"zhōng中，"like/same/similar/together/alike/with"tóng同 "to divide/minute/(a measure word)/(a unit of length = 0.33 centimeter)"fēn分 "industry/estate/property/industrial"chǎnyè产业。
3 "tripod"Dǐng鼎 "act as/take...to be/to be/to do/to serve as/to become"wéi为 "refine/smelt"liàn炼 "silver"yín银，"stove"lú炉 "act as/take...to be/to be/to do/to serve as/to become"wéi为 "refine/smelt"liàn炼 "metal/money/gold"jīn金。"-ism/only"Wéi惟 "to have/there is/there are/to exist/to be"yǒu有 "Jehovah"Yēhéhuá耶和华 "to boil/stew/to simmer"āo熬 "refine/smelt"liàn炼 "popular feeling/the will of the people"rénxīn人心。
4 "all right/capable/competent/OK/okay/to go/to do/to travel/temporary/to walk/to go/will do"Xíng行 "nauseated"ě恶 "(possessive, modifying, or descriptive particle)/of"de的 "(v) take care; be mindful"liúxīn留心 "listen/hear/obey"tīng听 "traitor"jiān奸 "crafty/dishonest"zhà诈 "(literary equivalent of 的)/(subor. part.)/him/her/it"zhī之 "to speak/to say/talk/word"yán言。"(v) lie; tell an untruth"Shuōhuǎng说谎 "(possessive, modifying, or descriptive particle)/of"de的 "(v) bend, incline an ear (to)"cè’ěr侧耳 "listen/hear/obey"tīng听 "sinister/vicious/wicked/evil"xié’è邪恶 "(literary equivalent of 的)/(subor. part.)/him/her/it"zhī之 "dialect/language/speech"yǔ语。
5 "trick/drama/play/show"Xì戏 "laugh/smile"xiào笑 "poor people/the poor"qióngrén穷人 "(possessive, modifying, or descriptive particle)/of"de的，"is/are/am/yes/to be"shì是 "disgrace/insult"rǔ辱 "(negative prefix for verbs)/have not/not"méi没 "to make/to build/to invent/to manufacture"zào造 "his"tāde他的 "to own/to host/master/lord/primary"zhǔ主。"lucky"Xìng幸 "disaster/calamity"zāi灾 "(surname)/music"yuè乐 "disaster"huò祸 "(possessive, modifying, or descriptive particle)/of"de的，"certainly/must/will/necessarily"bì必 "unavoidable"bùmiǎn不免 "to bear/to stand/to endure/(passive marker)/to receive"shòu受 "to punish/to penalize"fá罚。
6 "offspring/posterity"Zǐsūn子孙 "act as/take...to be/to be/to do/to serve as/to become"wéi为 "old people/the aged"lǎorén老人 "(possessive, modifying, or descriptive particle)/of"de的 "royal crown"guānmiǎn冠冕。"father"Fùqīn父亲 "is/are/am/yes/to be"shì是 "children/sons and daughters"érnǚ儿女 "(possessive, modifying, or descriptive particle)/of"de的 "honor/glory"róngyào荣耀。
7 "stupid"Yú愚 "mischievous/obstinate/to play/stupid/stubborn/naughty"wán顽 "man/person/people"rén人 "to speak/to say"shuō说 "America/beautiful"měi美 "to speak/to say/talk/word"yán言 "roots or stems of plants/origin/source/this/the current/root/foundation/basis/(a measure word)"běn本 "(negative prefix)/not/no"bù不 "each other/one another/mutually"xiāng相 "proper/should/suitable/appropriate"yí宜，"much less/let alone"hékuàng何况 "monarch/lord/gentleman/ruler"jūn君 "king/Wang (proper name)"wáng王 "(v) lie; tell an untruth"shuōhuǎng说谎 "dialect/language/spoken words/speech/talk/words/conversation/what someone said"huà话 "(question particle)"ne呢？
8 "bribe"Huìlù贿赂 "(located) at/in/exist/(before verbs) immediately involved in/right in the middle of doing"zài在 "food/make a present"kuì馈 "to deliver/to carry/to give (as a present)/to present (with)/to see off/to send"sòng送 "(possessive, modifying, or descriptive particle)/of"de的 "man/person/people"rén人 "eye"yǎn眼 "within/among/in/middle/center/while (doing sth)/during/China/Chinese"zhōng中，"it depends/think/to see/to look at"kàn看 "act as/take...to be/to be/to do/to serve as/to become"wéi为 "a jewel or gem/a treasure/precious"bǎo宝 "jade"yù玉。"to follow/to comply with/to allow/(surname)"Suí随 "to reside/to live/to dwell/to be in/to stay/get along with/to be in a position of/deal with"chǔ处 "movement/campaign/sports"yùndòng运动，"all/both (if two things are involved)/entirely (due to)each/even/already"dōu都 "a sentence particle used after a verb to show effect/degree or possibility"de得 "smoothly/without a hitch"shùnlì顺利。
9 "to cover"Zhēyǎn遮掩 "man/person/people"rén人 "(experienced action marker)/to cross/to go over/to pass (time)/to celebrate (a holiday)/to live/to get along/(surname)/excessively/too-"guò过 "(possessive, modifying, or descriptive particle)/of"de的，"to seek/to look for"xúnqiú寻求 "man/person/people"rén人 "to love/affection/to be fond of/to like"ài爱。"repeatedly/time and again"Lǚcì屡次 "carry on a pole/choose"tiāo挑 "mistake/error/blunder/fault/cross/uneven/wrong"cuò错 "(possessive, modifying, or descriptive particle)/of"de的，"to leave/to depart/to go away/from"lí离 "between/among/space/(measure word)"jiān间 "close friend"mìyǒu密友。
10 "a line of verse/a sentence"Yījù一句 "blame/be critical of (someone)"zébèi责备 "dialect/language/spoken words/speech/talk/words/conversation/what someone said"huà话，"penetrate deeply/thorough"shēnrù深入 "intelligent/bright/smart/clever"cōngmíng聪明 "man/person/people"rén人 "(possessive, modifying, or descriptive particle)/of"de的 "heart/mind"xīn心，"strength/force/power/powerful/better"qiáng强 "as (if)/such as"rú如 "duty/responsibility/to reproach/to blame"zé责 "beat/strike/break/mix up/build/fight/fetch/make/tie up/issue/shoot/calculate/since/from"dǎ打 "ignorant"yúmèi愚昧 "man/person/people"rén人 "a hundred"yībǎi一百 "under/second (of two parts)/next (week, etc.)/lower/below/underneath/down(wards)/to decline/to go down/latter"xià下。
11 "nauseated"Ě恶 "man/person/people"rén人 "(a measure word, for birds and some animals, etc.)/single/only"zhī只 "to search/to look for/to seek"xún寻 "betray/forsake"bèipàn背叛，"therefore/as a result/so"suǒyǐ所以 "certainly/must/will/necessarily"bì必 "to have/there is/there are/to exist/to be"yǒu有 "severe/strict"yánlì严厉 "(possessive, modifying, or descriptive particle)/of"de的 "emissary/envoy"shǐzhě使者，"to receive (from superior)/to offer/to revere"fèng奉 "difference/discrepancy/to differ/error/to err/to make a mistake"chā差 "to attack/to accuse/to charge/(military) attack"gōngjī攻击 "he/him"tā他。
12 "(conj) it is the lesser of two evils to...; would rather..."Nìngkě宁可 "meet"yùjiàn遇见 "to lose/to put aside/to throw"diū丢 "young of animals"zǎi崽 "11 p.m.-1 a.m./1st earthly branch/child/midnight/son/child/seed/egg/small thing"zǐ子 "(possessive, modifying, or descriptive particle)/of"de的 "female/mother"mǔ母 "bear/to scold/to rebuke"xióng熊，"cannot/should not/must not"bùkě不可 "meet"yùjiàn遇见 "just (right)/main/upright/straight/correct/principle"zhèng正 "all right/capable/competent/OK/okay/to go/to do/to travel/temporary/to walk/to go/will do"xíng行 "stupid"yú愚 "absurd/fantastic"wàng妄 "(possessive, modifying, or descriptive particle)/of"de的 "ignorant"yúmèi愚昧 "man/person/people"rén人。
13 "to use/according to/so as to/in order to/by/with/because/Israel (abbrev.)"Yǐ以 "nauseated"ě恶 "to announce/to inform/report/newspaper/recompense/revenge"bào报 "good"shàn善 "(possessive, modifying, or descriptive particle)/of"de的，"disaster"huò祸 "misfortune/suffer (from illness)/trouble/danger/worry/to contract (a disease)"huàn患 "certainly/must/will/necessarily"bì必 "(negative prefix)/not/no"bù不 "to leave/to depart/to go away/from"lí离 "his"tāde他的 "furniture/tool"jiā家。
14 "to divide/minute/(a measure word)/(a unit of length = 0.33 centimeter)"Fēn分 "struggle/fight"zhēng争 "(possessive, modifying, or descriptive particle)/of"de的 "to rise/to raise/to get up"qǐ起 "head"tóu头，"as (if)/such as"rú如 "water/river"shuǐ水 "unleash/release"fàngkāi放开。"therefore/as a result/so"Suǒyǐ所以 "(located) at/in/exist/(before verbs) immediately involved in/right in the middle of doing"zài在 "struggle/fight"zhēng争 "make noise or disturbance"nào闹 "(literary equivalent of 的)/(subor. part.)/him/her/it"zhī之 "early/prior/former/in advance/first"xiān先，"certainly/must/will/necessarily"bì必 "to be/to act as/to hold a position (in space, time, or organizational space)/manage/withstand/when/during/ought/should/match equally/equal/same/obstruct/just at (a time or place)/on the spot/right/just at"dāng当 "to stop/prohibit/till"zhǐ止 "news/interest/breath/rest"xī息 "struggle/fight"zhēng争 "to compete/to contend/to struggle"jìng竞。
15 "to set/to fix/to determine/to decide/to order"Dìng定 "nauseated"ě恶 "(adj) artificial/(n) human attempt or effort"rénwéi人为 "justice/righteousness/meaning"yì义 "(possessive, modifying, or descriptive particle)/of"de的，"definition"dìngyì定义 "(adj) artificial/(n) human attempt or effort"rénwéi人为 "nauseated"ě恶 "(possessive, modifying, or descriptive particle)/of"de的，"this/these"zhè这 "all/both (if two things are involved)/entirely (due to)each/even/already"dōu都 "act as/take...to be/to be/to do/to serve as/to become"wéi为 "Jehovah"Yēhéhuá耶和华 "actually/place"suǒ所 "loathe"zēngwù憎恶。
16 "ignorant"Yúmèi愚昧 "man/person/people"rén人 "already/since/both... (and...)"jì既 "-less/not to have/no/none/not/to lack/un-"wú无 "intelligent/bright/smart/clever"cōngmíng聪明，"why"wèihé为何 "hand/convenient"shǒu手 "to hold/to seize/to catch/to apprehend/to take"ná拿 "price/value/valence (on an atom)"jià价 "silver"yín银 "buy"mǎi买 "wisdom/knowledge"zhìhuì智慧 "(question particle)"ne呢？
17 "friend"Péngyou朋友 "to be/thus/so/therefore/then/only/thereupon"nǎi乃 "often/frequently"shícháng时常 "Dear ... (way of starting a letter)"qīn’ài亲爱。"brother"Dìxiōng弟兄 "act as/take...to be/to be/to do/to serve as/to become"wéi为 "trials and tribulations"huànnàn患难 "and/as well as/but (not)/yet (not)/(shows causal relation)/(shows change of state)/(shows contrast)"ér而 "to be born/to give birth/life/to grow"shēng生。
18 "(located) at/in/exist/(before verbs) immediately involved in/right in the middle of doing"Zài在 "neighbor/adjacent/close to"lín邻 "give up/abandon"shě舍 "in front of/facing/presence"miànqián面前 "to hit/to strike/to break"jī击 "in charge of/palm of hand"zhǎng掌 "to regard as/to take (somebody) for/to do/to make"zuò作 "to defend/to protect/to insure or guarantee/to maintain/hold or keep/to guard"bǎo保，"to be"nǎishì乃是 "ignorance"wúzhī无知 "(possessive, modifying, or descriptive particle)/of"de的 "man/person/people"rén人。
19 "to like/to love/to be fond of/favorite"Xǐ’ài喜爱 "struggle/fight"zhēng争 "to compete/to contend/to struggle"jìng竞 "(possessive, modifying, or descriptive particle)/of"de的，"is/are/am/yes/to be"shì是 "to like/to love/to be fond of/favorite"xǐ’ài喜爱 "(experienced action marker)/to cross/to go over/to pass (time)/to celebrate (a holiday)/to live/to get along/(surname)/excessively/too-"guò过 "to violate/to offend"fàn犯。"high/tall"Gāo高 "set up/to stand"lì立 "house door/family clan"jiāmén家门 "(possessive, modifying, or descriptive particle)/of"de的，"to be/thus/so/therefore/then/only/thereupon"nǎi乃 "from/self/oneself/since"zì自 "to take/to get/to choose/to fetch"qǔ取 "ruin/corrupt/undermine"bàihuài败坏。
20 "heart/mind"Xīn心 "exist/deposit/store/keep/survive"cún存 "demonical/iniquitous/nefarious"xié邪 "low/rustic/secluded"pì僻 "(possessive, modifying, or descriptive particle)/of"de的，"to search/to look for/to seek"xún寻 "(negative prefix)/not/no"bù不 "particle attached after verb to indicate action in progress, like -ing ending"zhe着 "benefit/advantage"hǎochu好处。"tongue"Shé舌 "lane/alley"lòng弄 "right and wrong/quarrel"shìfēi是非 "(possessive, modifying, or descriptive particle)/of"de的，"to fall/trap"xiàn陷 "(located) at/in/exist/(before verbs) immediately involved in/right in the middle of doing"zài在 "disaster"huò祸 "misfortune/suffer (from illness)/trouble/danger/worry/to contract (a disease)"huàn患 "within/among/in/middle/center/while (doing sth)/during/China/Chinese"zhōng中。
21 "to be born/to give birth/life/to grow"Shēng生 "ignorant"yúmèi愚昧 "11 p.m.-1 a.m./1st earthly branch/child/midnight/son/child/seed/egg/small thing"zǐ子 "(possessive, modifying, or descriptive particle)/of"de的，"certainly/must/will/necessarily"bì必 "from/self/oneself/since"zì自 "worry about"chóu愁 "bitter/intensely/miserable/painful"kǔ苦。"stupid"Yú愚 "mischievous/obstinate/to play/stupid/stubborn/naughty"wán顽 "man/person/people"rén人 "(possessive, modifying, or descriptive particle)/of"de的 "father"fù父，"without"háowú毫无 "to be fond of/to like/to enjoy/to be happy/to feel pleased/happiness/delight/glad"xǐ喜 "(surname)/music"yuè乐。
22 "to be fond of/to like/to enjoy/to be happy/to feel pleased/happiness/delight/glad"Xǐ喜 "(surname)/music"yuè乐 "(possessive, modifying, or descriptive particle)/of"de的 "heart/mind"xīn心，"to be"nǎishì乃是 "good/very/very much"liáng良 "medicine/drug/cure"yào药。"worried"Yōu忧 "injure/injury/wound"shāng伤 "(possessive, modifying, or descriptive particle)/of"de的 "alert/departed soul/efficacious/quick/effective/intelligence"líng灵，"to make/to cause/to enable/to use/to employ/messenger"shǐ使 "bone"gǔ骨 "dried up"kū枯 "dry/clean"gān干。
23 "nauseated"Ě恶 "man/person/people"rén人 "in the dark/in secret/on the sly/surreptitiously"ànzhōng暗中 "accept bribes"shòuhuì受贿 "bribe/bribery"lù赂，"act as/take...to be/to be/to do/to serve as/to become"wéi为 "important/vital/to want/to be going to/must"yào要 "(v) confused; get backwards; reverse/(adj) crazy; deranged"diāndǎo颠倒 "to decide/to determine"pànduàn判断。
24 "clear/bright/to understand/next/the Ming dynasty"Míng明 "philosophy/wise"zhé哲 "man/person/people"rén人 "now/present"yǎnqián眼前 "to have/there is/there are/to exist/to be"yǒu有 "wisdom/knowledge"zhìhuì智慧。"ignorant"Yúmèi愚昧 "man/person/people"rén人 "eye"yǎn眼 "hope/expect/to visit/to gaze (into the distance)/look towards/towards"wàng望 "(subor. part. adverbial)/-ly"de地 "extremely/pole (geography, physics)/utmost/top"jí极。
25 "ignorant"Yúmèi愚昧 "11 p.m.-1 a.m./1st earthly branch/child/midnight/son/child/seed/egg/small thing"zǐ子 "to make/to cause/to enable/to use/to employ/messenger"shǐ使 "father"fùqīn父亲 "worry about"chóu愁 "feel vexed/to bother"fán烦，"to make/to cause/to enable/to use/to employ/messenger"shǐ使 "mother (formal)"mǔqīn母亲 "worried"yōu忧 "bitter/intensely/miserable/painful"kǔ苦。
26 "sentence/penalty/punishment"Xíngfá刑罚 "justice/righteousness/meaning"yì义 "(adj) artificial/(n) human attempt or effort"rénwéi人为 "bad/ill/not good at/not to be pooh-poohed/quite impressive"bùshàn不善。"duty/responsibility/to reproach/to blame"Zé责 "beat/strike/break/mix up/build/fight/fetch/make/tie up/issue/shoot/calculate/since/from"dǎ打 "nobleman/person of noble character"jūnzi君子 "act as/take...to be/to be/to do/to serve as/to become"wéi为 "(negative prefix)/not/no"bù不 "justice/righteousness/meaning"yì义。
27 "few/widowed"Guǎ寡 "young"shào少 "speech/talk"yányǔ言语 "(possessive, modifying, or descriptive particle)/of"de的 "to have/there is/there are/to exist/to be"yǒu有 "intellectual/knowledge-related/knowledge"zhīshi知识。"nature/temperament"Xìngqing性情 "(luke)warm/to review"wēn温 "good/very/very much"liáng良 "(possessive, modifying, or descriptive particle)/of"de的 "to have/there is/there are/to exist/to be"yǒu有 "intelligent/bright/smart/clever"cōngmíng聪明。
28 "ignorant"Yúmèi愚昧 "man/person/people"rén人 "to seem/like/as/if"ruò若 "(n) (deep) silence"jìngmò静默 "(negative prefix)/not/no"bù不 "to speak/to say/talk/word"yán言，"also/too"yě也 "can/may/able to/certain(ly)/to suit/(particle used for emphasis)"kě可 "regard as/to figure/to calculate/to compute"suàn算 "act as/take...to be/to be/to do/to serve as/to become"wéi为 "wisdom/knowledge"zhìhuì智慧。"to close/stop up/shut/obstruct"Bì闭 "mouth/(a measure word)"kǒu口 "(negative prefix)/not/no"bù不 "to speak/to say"shuō说，"also/too"yě也 "can/may/able to/certain(ly)/to suit/(particle used for emphasis)"kě可 "regard as/to figure/to calculate/to compute"suàn算 "act as/take...to be/to be/to do/to serve as/to become"wéi为 "intelligent/bright/smart/clever"cōngmíng聪明